|
Medieval
Bath & Hygiene Display
display
and page under construction
Welcome to my
newest display... a medieval bath. My fondest hope with
this display is that members of the public will come to learn
that medieval people did, in fact, bath. Many people have the
Hollywood ideal that people in the middle ages were dirty, smelly
and had poor hygiene. It just isn't true.
Soaps were known.
Food and drink might be taken in the tub while a musician provided
entertainment.
In the 14th century Boccaccio's
the Decameron we read about bathing-
Without permitting
anyone else to lay a hand on him, the lady herself washed
Salabaetto all over with soap scented with musk and cloves.
She then had herself washed and rubbed down by the slaves.
This done, the slaves brought two fine and very white sheets,
so scented with roses that they seemed like roses; the slaves
wrapped Salabaetto in one and the lady in the other and then
carried them both on their shoulders to the bed.
They then took from the basket silver vases of great beauty,
some of which were filled with rose water, some with orange
water, some with jasmine water, and some with lemon water,
which they sprinkled upon them. After which they refreshed
themselves with boxes of sweetmeats and the finest wines.
 The
image at left is my base style guide and is from Sloane 2435,
Aldobrandino of Siena, Le Régime du corps (ff. 1-75v);
Image du monde (ff. 77-133v) France, N. Dated to the 3rd
quarter of the 13th century (perhaps c. 1285) Folio 8v. My aim
is to provide the trappings of a bath house in a domestic setting.
Herbs for bathing, soaps, a tub and board with food and drinks,
a striped linen towel and some personal grooming tools and skin
care.
The Tacuinum sanitatis of Liege, folio 76, writes of the
virtues of bathing with Water of A Pleasurable Warmth:
Nature: Warm and humid
in the second degree.
Optimum: The kind that opens the pores with moderate heat
or with a fever.
Usefulness: For bodies with open pores; furthermore, it lowers
the temperature.
Dangers:
for intestinal flow.
Neutralisation of the dangers: With astringent drinks.
Drinks, therefore, were recommended.
Bathhouses also got a pretty bad reputation as houses of ill-repute,
and with just cause at times. The Paris Bathhouse Keepers Guild
had strict rules to follow. These included rules for those running
and attending the baths.
These included:
Whoever wishes to
be a bathhouse-keeper in the city of Paris may freely do so,
provided he works according to the usage and customs of the
trade, made by agreement of the commune, as follow.
No man or woman may
heat up their baths on Sunday, or on a feast day which the
commune of the city keeps.
And every person
should pay, for a steam-bath, two deniers; and if he bathes,
he should pay four deniers.
And because at some
times wood and coal are more expensive than at others, if
anyone suffers, a suitable price shall be set by the provost
of Paris, through the discussion of the good people of the
aforesaid trade, according to the situation of the times.
No man or woman of
the aforesaid trade may maintain in their houses or baths
either prostitutes of the day or night, or lepers, or vagabonds,
or other infamous people of the night.
As for where a woman might
acquire items for her personal toilette, she might just buy them
from a shop or be given them, as a lover's gift.
Andreas Capellanus, a 12th
century author of De Amore gives an insight into what dress
accessories were available and could be given as a gift of love-
"A lover may
freely accept from her beloved these things- a handkerchief,
a hairband, a circlet of gold or silver, a brooch for the
breast, a mirror, a belt, a purse, a lace for clothes,
a comb, cuffs, gloves, a ring, a little box of scent,
a portrait, toiletries, little vases, trays, a standard
as a keepsake of the lover, and so to speak more generally,
a woman may accept from her love whatever gift may be useful
in the care of her person, or may look charming, or may
remind her of her lover, providing, however, that in accepting
the gift it is clear that she is acting quite without avarice."
A 13th century French song
described in Love Lock'd Out, A Survey of Love, Licence and
Restriction in the Middle Ages by James Cleugh refers to a
peddlar who carries for sale:
'razors, tweezers,
looking glasses, toothbrushes and tooth-picks,
bandaus and curling irons, ribbons, combs, mirrors,
rosewater... cotton with which they rouge
themselves and whitening with which they whiten themselves.'
showing the large range of
grooming cosmetics and tools which were in use and available at
the time.
Below are listed
the individual pieces for my bath house display and their sources
and contruction methods if known. The display also includes a
talk on basic medieval hygiene and skin care and includes samples
of some medieval skin care products.
|
Infrastructure
|
Bath
tub
Country of Origin:
generic
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: bath
Colour/colours: natural
Materials: Oak, metal
Construction: traditionally made wine cask half with
securing metal bands
Decoration & Finshes: painted interior. Iron
bands to be covered with flexible wood. wip
Documentation: The Hague, KB, 76 F 21 fol. 15r Mary
in bath Fol. 15r
|
Wooden
Low Stool
Country of Origin: Generic
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: Stool
Colour/colours: Oak stain
Materials: Pine
Construction: Nailed and glued
Decoration & Finshes: 2 coats of stain, Curved
end pieces.
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Elizabeth Altarpiece from the Church
of St. Agidius at Bardejov, c. 1480-1500 |
 Three
legged stool
Country of Origin: England
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: Stool
Colour/colours: natural
Materials: maple
Construction: Traditional methods recycling a 1950s
church pew
Decoration & Finshes: Waxed with beeswax &
olive oil
Made by: Roy Davi, The Leura Bodger, Blue Mountains.
|
|
Board
Country of Origin:
Generic
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: bath board
Colour/colours: Oak stain
Materials: Pine
Construction: cut to size
Decoration & Finshes: none
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation:
|
|
 Wooden
bucket
Country of Origin:
Generic
Time Period: Medieval
Type of Item: Wooden bucket
Colour/colours: Brown
Materials: Wood
Construction: unknown
Made by: upcycle by Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Codices vindobonenses 2759-2764 in
the Osterreichischen Nationalbibliothek, in Vienna, Austria.
|
|
 Laver
stand
Country of Origin:
Multiple generic
Time Period: medieval- 14th and 15 centuries
Type of Item: laver stand
Colour: natural
Materials: pine
Decoration: none
Construction: Hand made, glued and nailed with interlocking
pieces to enable transporting
Made by: Rosalie Gilbert
Documentation: 14th century, Roman de la Rose (multiple
versions)
To do:
- chain for hanging laverbo
- Attach base for brass bowl
|
|
bathing things
|
|
 Lavabo
for Laver
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: Lavabo
Colour: brass
Materials: brass
Decoration: animal heads with women's faces on the
handles
Construction: Hand made
Made by:
Documentation: 14th century, Roman de la Rose (multiple
versions), artifact
1451 Historisches Museum, Frankfurt
|
|
Bronze
dish for Lavarbo
 Country
of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item:
Colour:
Materials: bronze
Decoration:
Construction: Hand made, wide, flat lip.
Made by: Vintage item from Comfort Room, Ukraine
Documentation: 14th century, Roman de la Rose (multiple
versions)
|
|
 Brass
jug for rosewater
Country of
Origin: France/England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: small jug
Colour: brass
Materials: brass
Decoration: none
Construction: Hand made
Made by:
Documentation: 14th century, BohunPsalter, folio
108r
|
|
 Sea
Sponge: large 17cm
Country of Origin: Italy
Time Period: medieval
Type of item: Sea sponge
Outer Colour: natural
Materials: none
Decoration: none
Made by: nature
Documentation: Bath scene
|
 Water
jug
Country of Origin: Generic
Time Period: medieval
Type of item: ceramic water jug
Colour: terracotta
Materials: clay
Decoration: glazed
Made by: unknown
Documentation: extant finds
|
|
cosmetics & consumables
|
|
Castile
Soap 110g
One written reference
to scented soaps, comes from 14th century Boccaccio's
the Decameron where we read-
"...the
lady herself washed Salabaetto all over with soap scented
with musk and cloves..."
Whether
or not this scented soap was the luxurious Castille soap
is not mentioned, but I personally feel that the blacker
and coarser Aleppo soap which was also available at the
time would not be this.
 Country
of Origin: Castile
Time Period: medieval
Type of item: unscented soap
Colour: natural
Materials: Saponified olive oil, Alden's Olives,
Cohuna, Victoria.
Decoration: none
Made by: Biome, Brisbane
Documentation: written accounts
|
|
Rosewater
Country of Origin: Everywhere
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: rosewater
Colour: pale pink
Materials: roses
Decoration: n/a
Made by: Besttaste, Iran
Documentation: Trotula et al
|
|
Hand
washing water
From A Medieval
Home Companion: Housekeeping in the 14th century, Tania
Bayard, from the Goodman of Paris
"To make
water for washing hands at table: Boil sage, then strain
the water and cool until it is a little more than lukewarm.
Or use chamomile, marjoram or rosemary boiled with orange
peel. Bay leaves are also good."
Country of Origin:
France
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: herbal waters
Colour:
Materials:
Decoration: n/a
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Le Mesnagier de Paris
|
|
Hair
powder
The Trotula, or the set of three texts attributed to Trotula,
include On Women's Cosmetics, and include recipes
for beauty including a beautiful-smelling hair powder, so
that the hair remains sweetly scented. In the section about
On Various Kinds of Adornments, it reads:
But when she combs
her hair, let her have this powder. Take some dried roses,
clove, nutmeg, watercress and galangal. Let all these,
powdered, be mixed with rose water. With this water let
her sprinkle her hair and comb it with a comb dipped in
this same water so that [her hair] will smell better.
And let her make furrows in her hair and sprinkle on the
above-mentioned powder, and it will smell marvelously.
 The
entire process of living history experiment recreating the
hair powder according to the recipe, is here on the TROTULA'S
HAIR POWDER page.
Country of Origin: Salerno
Time Period: medieval
Type of Accessory: hair powder
Colour: natural
Materials: dried roses, clove, nutmeg, watercress,
galangal, rose water
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Trotula, On Cosmetics (attributed)
|
|
Tooth
Powder
The Trotula, or the set of three texts attributed to Trotula,
include On Women's Cosmetics, and include recipes
for beauty including tooth powder. She writes:
Take some each
of cinnamon, clove, spikenard, mastic, frankincense, grain,
wormwood, crab foot, date pits, and olives. Grind all
of these and reduce them to a powder, then rub the affected
places. Your breath, with its mix of frankincense
and crab foot, will let everyone know just how wealthy
you are.
 Country
of Origin: Salerno
Time Period: medieval
Type of Accessory: tooth powder
Colour: natural
Materials: cinnamon, clove, spikenard, mastic, frankincense,
grain, wormwood, crab foot, date pits, and olives
Made by: Michelle Barton, Cabinet of Medieval Curiousity
Documentation: Trotula, On Cosmetics (attributed)
|
|
Tooth powder 2
Source to be cited
writes:
The ashes of the
burnt vine-tree or grapevine were thought to make teeth
that are as black as coal to be as white as snow if you
rub them every morning.
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: breath freshener
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation:
|
|
Tooth powder 3 Rosemary
Charcoal
Another charcoal tooth
powder recipe comes from Bankes' Herbal, dated 1525.
"Also take
the timber thereof [rosemary] and burn it to coals and
make powder thereof and put it into a linen cloth and
rub thy teeth therewith, and if there be any worms therein,
it shall slay them and keep thy teeth from all evils."
Country of Origin:
England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: tooth powder
Colour: black/grey
Materials: rosemary
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Bankes' Herbal, 1525 [English]
|
|
Mint mouthwash &
powder
From Bankes' Herbal, 1525
"For the
stinking of the mouth and filth of the gums and of the
teeth, wash thy mouth and gums with vinegar that mints
have been sodden in; after that, rub them with the powder
of mints or with dry mints."
 Country
of Origin: England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: breath freshener
Colour: green
Materials: vinegar, mint
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Bankes' Herbal, 1525
|
|
Breath freshener
For breath-freshening,
Trotula, or the set of three texts attributed to Trotula,
include On Women's Cosmetics, include recipes for
keeping the breath fresh. She writes: :
"The woman
should wash her mouth after dinner with very good wine.
Then she ought to dry very well and wipe with a new white
cloth.
Finally, let her chew each day fennel or lovage or parsley,
which is better to chew because it gives off a good smell
and cleans good gums and makes the teeth very white."
 Country
of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: breath freshener
Colour: green
Materials: fennel and parsley
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Trotula, On Cosmetics
|
|
Breath freshener
2
For breath-freshening, Gilbertus Anglicus, about 1400, English
"And let
him use this powder: Take of pepper, one ounce; and of
mint, as much; and of rock salt, as much. And make him
to chew this powder a good while in his mouth, and then
swallow it down."
 Country
of Origin: England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: breath freshener
Colour: natural
Materials: pepper, mint, salt
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Gilbertus Anglicus, about 1400, English
|
|
Perfume
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: perfume/scent
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Trotula, On Cosmetics
|
|
Rouge
A 13th century French
song refers to a peddlar who carries for sale:
'razors, tweezers,
looking glasses, toothbrushes and tooth-picks, bandaus
and curling irons, ribbons, combs, mirrors, rosewater...
cotton with which they rouge themselves
and whitening with which they whiten themselves.'
 Country
of Origin: France
Time Period: 13th century
Type of Item: rouge for pink cheeks
Colour: pink
Materials: dyed red wool
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Love
Lock'd Out, A Survey of Love, Licence and Restriction in
the Middle Ages by James Cleugh
|
|
Foundation
The L'Ornement des
Dames gives this recipe for making an easy foundation:
There is a white
make-up that is very easy to make. Put very pure wheat
in water for fifteen days, then grind and blend it in
the water. Strain through a cloth, and let it crystalise
and evaporate. You will obtain a make-up which will be
as white as snow. When you want to use it, mix it with
rosewater, and spread it on your face which has first
been washed with warm water. Then dry your face with a
cloth.
Country of Origin:
France
Time Period: 13th century
Type of Item: lip balm
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: L'ornement des Dames
|
|
Lip
balm/stain
One recipe for a medieval
lip balm described as a 'sweet smelling grease that will
keep the lips and hands from chapping and make them moist
and soft' comes from the book Secrets of Don Alessio
Piemontese, published in 1557.
'Take 12 oz of
fresh suet and 6oz of marjoram and pound them together.
Form into balls and sprinkle with good wine. Next put
into some vessel and seal it tightly so that the odor
of the marjoram does not escape. Place in the shade for
24 hours and then put into water. Cook slowly, then strain.
This process must be repeated 4 or 5 times always adding
another 9oz of suet. Finally a little musk or civet can
be added.'
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: lip balm
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Trotula, On Cosmetics
|
|
Skin
tonic
The Old Woman from
the manuscript the Roman de la Rose also offers advice
on skincare:
If her complexion
loses colour and her heart is tormented as a result, she
should arrange always to have aqueous ointments hidden
in boxes in her chamber, for the purpose of painting her
face. But she must take care that none of her guests can
smell or see them: otherwise she could be in great trouble...
If her hands are not fair and unblemished but marred by
spots and pimples, she ought not to leave these alone
but use a needle to remove them; or else she should hide
her hand in her gloves so that the spots and scabs are
not visible.
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: Tonic to...
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation:
|
|
Fresh herbs for
bathing
Many sources indicate
that scented and herbal bathwaters were enjoyed in the medieval
period. In the 14th century Boccaccio's the Decameron
we read about bathing-
Without permitting
anyone else to lay a hand on him, the lady herself washed
Salabaetto all over with soap scented with musk and cloves.
She then had herself washed and rubbed down by the slaves.
This done, the slaves brought two fine and very white
sheets, so scented with roses that they seemed like roses;
the slaves wrapped Salabaetto in one and the lady in the
other and then carried them both on their shoulders to
the bed.
They then took
from the basket silver vases of great beauty, some of
which were filled with rose water, some with orange water,
some with jasmine water, and some with lemon water, which
they sprinkled upon them. After which they refreshed themselves
with boxes of sweetmeats and the finest wines.
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item:
Colour:
Materials:
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation:
|
Rose
petals
Country of Origin: Everywhere
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: rose petals
Colour:
Materials: roses
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation:
|
Water
jug
Country of Origin: Generic
Time Period: medieval
Type of item: ceramic water jug
Colour: terracotta
Materials: clay
Decoration: glazed
Made by: unknown
Documentation: extant finds
|
|
personal items
|
 Ivory
mirror case
Country of Origin: France
Time Period: 14th century.
Type of Accessory: Mirror
Materials: Resin, glass
Construction: Cast resin mirrorcase with glass foil-backed
mirror. Hand cast.
Decoration: Hunting scene with four lions.
Dimensions: 110mm diameter.
Made by: (? Poland?Checz)
Documentation: Extant mirror, Louve
|
| Pewter
folding mirror case
 Country
of Origin: England
Time Period: pre 1350.
Type of Accessory: Mirror
Construction Materials: Metal, glass
Metal: Pewter
Details of Construction: Pin hinged mirrorcase with
glass foil-backed mirror. Hand cast.
Details of Decoration: The crucifixion scene shows
Saint John with a bible to the left and Mary carrying a
purse to the right. Above the figure of Christ is a sun
and moon.
Dimensions: 50mm diameter.
Made by: Steve Millingham's Pewter Replicas, England
Documentation: Museum of London collection. Made
of lead-tin alloy
|
|
Wooden
mirror case
 Country
of Origin: Generic
Time Period: 14th century.
Type of Accessory: Mirror
Construction Materials: wood, glass
Metal: none
Details of Construction: wooden mirror case with
mirror
Details of Decoration: none
Dimensions: mm diameter.
Made by:
Bought from: Op Shop
Documentation: Manuscripts 13-15th centuries
|
 Wooden
double sided comb
Country of Origin: England, France
Time Period: 14th century
Type of item: Double sided comb
Colour: natural wood
Materials: Wood, type unknown (boxwood?)
Construction: Hand made
Decoration: Series of decorative stars on comb body
Made by: unknown
Documentation: 14th century Paris comb, Elizabeth Altarpiece
from the Church of St. Agidius at Bardejov, c. 1480-1500
Documentation: 15th century French boxwood comb in
the private collection of Mrs Leopold Blumka. Finely carved
with two sliding compartments for cosmetics to be stored in.
|
|
Horn
double sided comb
 Country
of Origin: England, France
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Accessory: Double sided comb
Outer Colour: black/brown
Construction Materials: horn
Details of Construction: Hand made reproduction of
generic medieval comb
Details of Decoration: undecorated
Made by:
Documentation: 14th century Paris comb
|
 Bone
Gravoire (hair parter)
Country of Origin: France
Time Period: 14th century
Type of item: Hair parter- gravoire
Colour: White
Materials: Bone
Construction: Hand carved and shaped
Decoration: undecorated
Made by: unknown
Documentation: (not the one shown) 14th century Italy,
Ivory. Collection of Mrs Ernest Brummer
|
|
 Tweezers
Country of Origin:
England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: locking tweezers
Colour: gold
Materials: brass
Decoration: several incised grooves, locking wire
Construction: Hand made
Made by: Gaukler Medieval Wares
Documentation: 14th century artifact, The Gilbert Collection
|
|
 Earscoop
& nail cleaner
Country of Origin:
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: ear scoop and nail cleaner
Colour: gold
Materials: brass
Decoration: barley twist main stem
Construction: Hand made
Made by: Gaukler Medieval Wares
Documentation: 14th century artifact, The Gilbert Collection
|
Paternoster
Country of Origin: England
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: Paternoster
Colour/colours: red, white, gold
Materials: Linen thread, marble, gold spacers, red
silk tassel
Construction: Ten groups of ten beads threaded onto
linen, gold spacer, with tassel terminating at the end.
Decoration: none
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: 1400s Mother of God With Pea Blossom,
Master of Cologne, Germany
|
 Ball
headed dress pins
Country of Origin: Generic
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: veil pins
Colour: gold
Materials: brass
Construction: hand made
Decoration: ball heads
Made by: Bero Heftelmacher, Bero von Saeckingen, Germany
Documentation: Extant pins, Museum of London
|
 Cosmetics
containers
Country of Origin: Generic
Time Period: Medieval
Type of Item: Container
Colour/colours: Natural
Materials: Wood
Construction: Hand turned
Decoration & Finishes: lines running horizontally
Made by: Walter, Brisbane
Documentation: Artifacts
|
 Birch
Box with lid
Country of Origin:
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: Bentwood box
Colour/colours: Light brown
Materials: Birch
Construction: Commercially produced
Dimensions: 19cm diameter
Decoration & Finishes: handpainted with scene from
the Manesse Codex, Germany
Made by: unknown, painted by Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Extant painted box
|
|
Soft furnishings & Linens
|
|
 Bath
curtains
Country of Origin:
England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: curtains
Colour/colours: white
Materials: linen
Construction: machined stitching
Decoration & Finishes: navy blue circular top
Made by: Rosalie's Medieval Woman
Documentation: Aldobrandino of Siena, Le Régime
du corps folio 8v
|
 Striped
Towel
Country of Origin: Everywhere
Time Period: 13th-15th century
Type of Item: Towel
Colour/colours: Blue and white
Materials: Flax linen/cotton
Construction: Hand woven
Dimensions: 80cm x 155cm
Decorations: diamond weave with blue stripes and tassels
Made by: unknown for Medieval Design, Italy
Documentation: 1350 Manuscript Naples Wedding at Canna
|
|
 Striped
Tablecloth
Country of Origin: Everywhere
Time Period: 13th-15th century
Type of Item: Towel
Outer Colour/colours: Blue and white
Construction Materials: Flax linen/cotton
Construction: Hand woven
Dimensions: 35cm x 150cm
Decorations: diamond weave with blue stripes and
tassels
Made by: unknown for Medieval Design, Italy
Documentation: 1350 Manuscript Naples Wedding at
Canna
|
 Hand
towel
Country of Origin: Everywhere
Time Period: Medieval
Type of Item: hand towel
Colour/colours: White
Materials: Cotton in diaper weave
Construction: Hand stitched with rolled hems
Decoration: fringed on ends
Made by: Commercially woven, fringed by Rosalie
Documentation |
|
Tableware
|
Flagon
Country of Origin: England, France, Switzerland
Time Period: 1350 onwards
Type of Item: Flagon
Colour: Silver
Materials: Pewter
Construction: 8 body panels soldered together. The
lid is cast in one piece with the finial and twin ball thumb-piece
being cast separately and then soldered on. 21cm tall. One
and a half pints capacity.
Decoration: Acorn finial on lid and hinge
Made by: Steve Millingham Pewter Reproductions or Lionheart
Replicas
Documentation: Artifact. Tonbridge Flagon, River Medway,
Tonbridge Castle, England. dated 1400. Three examples have
currently been found in England to date, while further examples
have been found on the continent.
|
Hexagonal
beaker
Country of Origin: Prague
Time Period: 1350
Type of Item: Cup
Colour: Silver
Materials: Pewter
Construction: Pewter cast in one piece with hexagonal
sides.
Details of Decoration: None
Made by: Steve Millingham Pewter Reproductions
Documentation: Artifact, Prague. dated at between 1310
and 1335 and made of gilded silver and are from Prague. The
panels were made separately and soldered together. Other artifact
dated 1350 (?) Pewter tableware dates as early as the late
13th century. Approx 300 pieces are listed in Edward I's rolls.
|
Large
silver plate
Country of Origin: England
Time Period: medieval
Type of Item: Plate
Outer Colour: Silver
Construction Materials: Pewter
Details of Construction: Cast in one piece, wide flat
rim
Dimensions:
Details of Decoration: No decoration
Made by:
Documentation: Artifacts, Compton Castle Collection.
Pewter tableware dates as early as the late 13th century.
Approximately 300 pieces are listed in Edward I's rolls.
|
|
Bone
handled knife
Country of Origin:
England
Time Period: 1350-1400
Type of Item: Knife
Colour/colours: Cream
Materials: Bone, steel
Construction: Not known, original blade modified
Made by: unknown
Documentation: Artifact. 1350 Thames, England
|
|
Acorn
knop spoon
Country of Origin: England France
Time Period: 14th century
Type of Item: Spoon
Colour: Silver
Materials: Pewter
Construction: Cast in one piece. Wide, fig-shaped
dish. Wide finial.
Decoration: Acorn finial, stamped S on bowl.
Made by: Steve Millingham Pewter Replicas
Documentation: Artifacts. York City Museum replica.
Also 14thC Bronze spoon, France, MedGallery, Collection
of Jean Boxhorn. Metropolitan Museum of Art states the first
known reference to the acorn spoon is in a will dated 1348
where John de Holegh bequeathed to Thomas Taillour "12
silver spoons with akernes". The Gilbert family lists
a purchase of 8 silver Acorn spoons.
|
Copyright
© Rosalie Gilbert
All text & photographs within this site are the property of
Rosalie Gilbert unless stated.
Art & artifact images remain the property of the owner.
Images and text may not be copied and used without permission.
|
